Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy (ICP) is a liver disorder that affects pregnant women,
typically occurring in the second or third trimester. The condition is characterized by reduced
bile flow, leading to a buildup of bile acids in the blood stream. One of the primary symptoms of
ICP is severe itching, particularly on the hands and feet, which can significantly impact a
woman’s quality of life. Other symptoms may include dark urine, jaundice, fatigue, and loss of
appetite.
ICP poses risks to both the mother and the baby, including preterm birth, fetal distress,
meconium staining, and stillbirth. Managing ICP involves a combination of symptom relief and
careful monitoring. Medications such as Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) can help reduce bile
acid levels and alleviate itching, while regular monitoring of liver function and fetal well-being
is essential to detect any complications early. Delivery may be recommended before full term in
severe cases to reduce the risk of adverse outcomes.
The incidence rate varies worldwide, from 1 to 27.6%. It is thought the differences among
population groups and environmental factors may contribute to the incidence rates [1,2].
Overall awareness of ICP symptoms and risks is crucial for pregnant women and healthcare
providers, enabling early detection and appropriate management to ensure the best possible
outcome for both mother and baby.
- Reyes H, Gonzalez MC, Ribalta J, et al. Prevalence of intrahepatic cholestasis of
pregnancy in Chile. Ann Intern Med 1978; 88:487. - Wikström Shemer E, Marschall HU, Ludvigsson JF, Stephansson O. Intrahepatic
cholestasis of pregnancy and associated adverse pregnancy and fetal outcomes: a 12-year
population-based cohort study. BJOG 2013; 120:717.
